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Ò»ÕÅСͼ¿´¾¡ Nginx

nginx×°ÖÃ

Nginx×°ÖÃÍê³É  £¬Ã»ÓÐsbinĿ¼

cd½øÈëµ½nginx-1.18.0Ŀ¼ÄÚÖ´ÐÐ

[root@centos7 nginx-1.18.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx[root@centos7 nginx-1.18.0]# make[root@centos7 nginx-1.18.0]# make install

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ps£º¨Cprefix=path ½ç˵һ¸öĿ¼  £¬´æ·ÅЧÀÍÆ÷ÉϵÄÎļþ   £¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇnginxµÄ×°ÖÃĿ¼  £¬Ä¬ÈÏʹÓà /usr/local/nginx

Õâ²½Äã»á¿´µ½localĿ¼ÏÂÓÐÒ»¸ö¸úÄã×°ÖõÄnginx1.12.2ͬ¼¶µÄnginxĿ¼  £¬ÄÚÀï¾ÍÓÐsbinĿ¼ÁË¡£

»ù´¡Ö¸Áî

listen£º¸ÃÖ¸ÁîÓÃÓÚÉèÖÃÍøÂç¼àÌý¡£

listen *:80 | *:8080      #¼àÌýËùÓÐ80¶Ë¿ÚºÍ8080¶Ë¿Úlisten  IP_address:port   #¼àÌýÖ¸¶¨µÄµØµãºÍ¶Ë¿ÚºÅlisten  IP_address        #¼àÌýÖ¸¶¨ipµØµãËùÓж˿Úlisten port               #¼àÌý¸Ã¶Ë¿ÚµÄËùÓÐIPÅþÁ¬

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server_name£º¸ÃÖ¸ÁîÓÃÓÚÐéÄâÖ÷»úµÄÉèÖá£

a. »ùÓÚÃû³ÆµÄÐéÄâÖ÷»úÉèÖÃ

server_name   name ...;

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b. »ùÓÚ IP µØµãµÄÐéÄâÖ÷»úÉèÖÃ

server_name 192.168.1.1

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location£º¸ÃÖ¸ÁîÓÃÓÚÆ¥Åä URL¡£

locationÖ¸ÁîµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇƾ֤Óû§ÇëÇóµÄURIÀ´Ö´Ðвî±ðµÄÓ¦Óà  £¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇƾ֤Óû§ÇëÇóµÄÍøÕ¾URL¾ÙÐÐÆ¥Åä  £¬Æ¥ÅäÀֳɼ´¾ÙÐÐÏà¹ØµÄ²Ù×÷¡£

Å£±Æ°¡£¡½Ó˽»î±Ø±¸µÄ N ¸ö¿ªÔ´ÏîÄ¿£¡¸ÏæÕä²Ø°É

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locationµÄÓï·¨

=¿ªÍ·ÌåÏÖ׼ȷƥÅä

Èç A ÖÐֻƥÅä¸ùĿ¼×îºóµÄÇëÇó  £¬ºóÃæ²»¿É´øÈκÎ×Ö·û´®¡£

^~ ¿ªÍ·ÌåÏÖuriÒÔij¸öͨÀý×Ö·û´®¿ªÍ·  £¬²»ÊÇÕýÔòÆ¥Åä

~ ¿ªÍ·ÌåÏÖÇø·Ö¾ÞϸдµÄÕýÔòÆ¥Åä;

~* ¿ªÍ·ÌåÏÖ²»Çø·Ö¾ÞϸдµÄÕýÔòÆ¥Åä

/ ͨÓÃÆ¥Åä, ÈôÊÇûÓÐÆäËüÆ¥Åä,ÈκÎÇëÇ󶼻áÆ¥Åäµ½

LocationÕýÔò°¸Àý

#׼ȷƥÅä,/ºóÃæ²»¿É´øÈκÎ×Ö·û
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.itmayiedu.com;
        #׼ȷƥÅä,×¢½âºóÃæ²»¿É´øÈκÎ×Ö·û
        location =/ {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
}

 #Æ¥ÅäËùÓÐÒÔ/¿ªÍ·ÇëÇó
server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.itmayiedu.com;
       #Æ¥ÅäËùÓÐÒÔ/¿ªÍ·ÇëÇó 
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }
###  ÒÔ¿ªÍ·/itmayiedu_8080×èµ²  ĬÈÏ¿ªÆô²»Çø·Ö¾Þϸд
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.itmayiedu.com;
        ###  ÒÔ¿ªÍ·/itmayiedu_8080 ×îÖÕÌøתµ½http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
        location /itmayiedu_8080/ {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080/;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
        ###  ÒÔ¿ªÍ·/itmayiedu_8080 ×îÖÕÌøתµ½http://127.0.0.1:8081/;
        location /itmayiedu_8081/ {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8081/;
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
    }
### ¿ªÍ·Çø·Ö¾Þϸд

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proxy_pass£º¸ÃÖ¸ÁîÓÃÓÚÉèÖñ»ÊðÀíЧÀÍÆ÷µÄµØµã¡£¿ÉÒÔÊÇÖ÷»úÃû³Æ¡¢IPµØµã¼Ó¶Ë¿ÚºÅµÄÐÎʽ¡£

Óï·¨½á¹¹ÈçÏ£º

proxy_pass URL;

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index£º¸ÃÖ¸ÁîÓÃÓÚÉèÖÃÍøÕ¾µÄĬÈÏÊ×Ò³¡£

ÓòÃûÖض¨Ïò

server
{
    listen 80 ;
    server_name mxiaoqi.top aaa.com;
    if ( $host = mxiaoqi.top )
    #ÔöÌíÅжÏÌõ¼þ£¬µ±»á¼ûÓòÃûÊÇmxiaoqi.topµÄʱ¼ä
    {
        rewrite /(.*)  http://aaa.com/$1 permanent;
        #°Ñmxiaoqi.top/ºóÃæµÄÄÚÈÝÖØÐÂдµ½aaa.com/ºóÃæÈôÊǺóÃæÓжà¶ÎÔòʹÓÃ$2¡¢$3ÒÔ´ËÀàÍÆ
        #permanentÊÇת·¢×´Ì¬Âë
    }
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /data/wwwroot/mxiaoqi.top;
    }

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·´ÏòÊðÀí

ʹÓà nginx ·´ÏòÊðÀí www.123.com Ö±½ÓÌøתµ½127.0.0.1:8080

server {
         listen       80;
         server_name  www.123.com;

         location / {
             proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
                          # ½Ó´ýÒ³Ãæ£¬Æ¾Ö¤´Ó×óµ½ÓÒµÄ˳Ðò²éÕÒÒ³Ãæ
             index  index.html index.htm index.jsp;
         }
     }

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¼àÌý80¶Ë¿Ú  £¬»á¼ûÓòÃûΪwww.123.com  £¬²»¼Ó¶Ë¿ÚºÅʱĬÒÔΪ80¶Ë¿Ú  £¬¹Ê»á¼û¸ÃÓòÃûʱ»áÌøתµ½127.0.0.1:8080·¾¶ÉÏ¡£

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©ͰËã·¨ÓëÁîÅÆÍ°Ëã·¨Çø±ð£ºÖ÷ÒªÇø±ðÔÚÓÚ¡°Â©Í°Ëã·¨¡±Äܹ»Ç¿ÐÐÏÞÖÆÊý¾ÝµÄ´«ÊäËÙÂÊ  £¬

¶ø¡°ÁîÅÆÍ°Ëã·¨¡±ÔÚÄܹ»ÏÞÖÆÊý¾ÝµÄƽ¾ù´«ÊäËÙÂÊÍâ  £¬»¹ÔÊÐíijÖÖˮƽµÄÍ»·¢´«Êä¡£ÔÚ¡°ÁîÅÆÍ°Ëã·¨¡±ÖÐ  £¬Ö»ÒªÁîÅÆÍ°Öб£´æÁîÅÆ  £¬ÄÇô¾ÍÔÊÐíÍ»·¢µØ´«ÊäÊý¾ÝÖ±µ½µÖ´ïÓû§ÉèÖõÄÃÅÏÞ  £¬Òò´ËËüÊʺÏÓÚ¾ßÓÐÍ»·¢ÌØÕ÷µÄÁ÷Á¿¡£

Nginx°´ÇëÇóËÙÂÊÏÞËÙÄ£¿éʹÓõÄÊÇ©ͰËã·¨  £¬¼´Äܹ»Ç¿Ðаü¹ÜÇëÇóµÄʵʱ´¦ÀíËÙÂʲ»»áÁè¼ÝÉèÖõÄãÐÖµ¡£

limit_req_zone ÓÃÀ´ÏÞÖƵ¥Î»Ê±¼äÄÚµÄÇëÇóÊý  £¬¼´ËÙÂÊÏÞÖÆ,½ÓÄɵÄ©ͰËã·¨ “leaky bucket”¡£

limit_req_conn ÓÃÀ´ÏÞÖÆͳһʱ¼äÅþÁ¬Êý  £¬¼´²¢·¢ÏÞÖÆ¡£

limit_req_zone ²ÎÊýÉèÖÃ

Syntax:    limit_req zone=name [burst=number] [nodelay];
Default:    ¡ª
Context:    http, server, location

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limit_req_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=one:10m rate=1r/s;

µÚÒ»¸ö²ÎÊý£º$binary_remote_addrÌåÏÖͨ¹ýremote_addrÕâ¸ö±êʶÀ´×öÏÞÖÆ  £¬¡°binary_¡±µÄÄ¿µÄÊÇËõдÄÚ´æÕ¼ÓÃÁ¿  £¬ÊÇÏÞÖÆͳһ¿Í»§¶ËipµØµã¡£

µÚ¶þ¸ö²ÎÊý£ºzone=one:10mÌåÏÖÌìÉúÒ»¸ö¾ÞϸΪ10M  £¬Ãû×ÖΪoneµÄÄÚ´æÇøÓò  £¬ÓÃÀ´´æ´¢»á¼ûµÄƵ´ÎÐÅÏ¢¡£

µÚÈý¸ö²ÎÊý£ºrate=1r/sÌåÏÖÔÊÐíÏàͬ±êʶµÄ¿Í»§¶ËµÄ»á¼ûƵ´Î  £¬ÕâÀïÏÞÖƵÄÊÇÿÃë1´Î  £¬»¹¿ÉÒÔÓкñÈ30r/mµÄ¡£

limit_req zone=one burst=5 nodelay;

µÚÒ»¸ö²ÎÊý£ºzone=one ÉèÖÃʹÓÃÄĸöÉèÖÃÇøÓòÀ´×öÏÞÖÆ  £¬ÓëÉÏÃælimit_req_zone ÀïµÄname¶ÔÓ¦¡£

µÚ¶þ¸ö²ÎÊý£ºburst=5  £¬Öصã˵Ã÷Ò»ÏÂÕâ¸öÉèÖà  £¬burst±¬·¢µÄÒâ˼  £¬Õâ¸öÉèÖõÄÒâ˼ÊÇÉèÖÃÒ»¸ö¾ÞϸΪ5µÄ»º³åÇøµ±Óдó×ÚÇëÇ󣨱¬·¢£©¹ýÀ´Ê±  £¬Áè¼ÝÁË»á¼ûƵ´ÎÏÞÖƵÄÇëÇó¿ÉÒÔÏȷŵ½Õâ¸ö»º³åÇøÄÚ¡£

µÚÈý¸ö²ÎÊý£ºnodelay  £¬ÈôÊÇÉèÖà  £¬Áè¼Ý»á¼ûƵ´Î²¢ÇÒ»º³åÇøÒ²ÂúÁ˵Äʱ¼ä¾Í»áÖ±½Ó·µ»Ø503  £¬ÈôÊÇûÓÐÉèÖà  £¬ÔòËùÓÐÇëÇó»áÆÚ´ýÅŶÓ¡£

ngx_http_limit_conn_module ²ÎÊýÉèÖÃ

Õâ¸öÄ£¿éÓÃÀ´ÏÞÖƵ¥¸öIPµÄÇëÇóÊý¡£²¢·ÇËùÓеÄÅþÁ¬¶¼±»¼ÆÊý¡£Ö»ÓÐÔÚЧÀÍÆ÷´¦ÀíÁËÇëÇó²¢ÇÒÒѾ­¶ÁÈ¡ÁËÕû¸öÇëÇóͷʱ  £¬ÅþÁ¬²Å±»¼ÆÊý¡£

Syntax:    limit_conn zone number;
Default:    ¡ª
Context:    http, server, location

limit_conn_zone $binary_remote_addr zone=addr:10m;
server {
    location /download/ {
        limit_conn addr 1;
    }

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Ò»´ÎÖ»ÔÊÐíÿ¸öIPµØµãÒ»¸öÅþÁ¬¡£

¸ºÔØƽºâ

#user  nobody;
worker_processes  1;
error_log  logs/error.log;# ¿ªÆôÈÕÖ¾
pid        logs/nginx.pid;
...
    upstream lyf {
    server 192.168.37.220:8001; # 3¸ötomcatЧÀÍ
    server 192.168.37.220:8002;
    server 192.168.37.220:8003;
    }
    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  192.168.37.220;# ¼àÌýip
        location / {
            proxy_pass   http://lyf;  # ÉèÖÃÊðÀí
            index  index.html index.htm;
        }
}

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keepalive ³¤ÅþÁ¬Ìá¸ßÍÌÍÂÁ¿

keepalived £ºÉèÖó¤ÅþÁ¬´¦ÀíµÄÊýÄ¿

proxy_http_version £ºÉèÖó¤ÅþÁ¬http°æ±¾Îª1.1

proxy_set_header £ºÉ¨³ýconnection header ÐÅÏ¢

upstream tomcats { 
# server 192.168.1.173:8080 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=1s; 
server 192.168.1.190:8080; 
# server 192.168.1.174:8080 weight=1; 
# server 192.168.1.175:8080 weight=1; 
keepalive 32; 
}
server {
listen 80; 
server_name www.tomcats.com; 
location / { 
proxy_pass http://tomcats; 
proxy_http_version 1.1; 
proxy_set_header Connection ""; 
} 
}

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ÊÂÇé·½·¨

ÂÖѯ·½·¨ÊÇNginx¸ºÔØĬÈϵķ½·¨

ȨÖØ·½·¨ Ö¸¶¨Ã¿¸öЧÀ͵ÄȨÖرÈÀý  £¬weightºÍ»á¼û±ÈÂʳÉÕý±È

upstream  dalaoyang-server {
       server    localhost:10001 weight=1;
       server    localhost:10002 weight=2;
}

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iphash

ÿ¸öÇëÇó¶¼Æ¾Ö¤»á¼ûipµÄhashЧ¹û·ÖÅÉ  £¬¾­ÓÉÕâÑùµÄ´¦Àí  £¬Ã¿¸ö·Ã¿ÍÀο¿»á¼ûÒ»¸öºó¶ËЧÀÍ  £¬ÈçÏÂÉèÖã¨ip_hash¿ÉÒÔºÍweightÅäºÏʹÓã©¡£

upstream  dalaoyang-server {
       ip_hash; 
       server    localhost:10001 weight=1;
       server    localhost:10002 weight=2;
}

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×îÉÙÅþÁ¬

½«ÇëÇó·ÖÅɵ½ÅþÁ¬Êý×îÉÙµÄЧÀÍÉÏ¡£

upstream  dalaoyang-server {
       least_conn;
       server    localhost:10001 weight=1;
       server    localhost:10002 weight=2;
}

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fair

°´ºó¶ËЧÀÍÆ÷µÄÏìӦʱ¼äÀ´·ÖÅÉÇëÇó  £¬ÏìӦʱ¼ä¶ÌµÄÓÅÏÈ·ÖÅÉ¡£

upstream  dalaoyang-server {
       server    localhost:10001 weight=1;
       server    localhost:10002 weight=2;
       fair;  
}

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Consul+upsync+Nginx ʵÏÖÎÞÐèraload¶¯Ì¬¸ºÔØƽºâ https://www.cnblogs.com/a1304908180/p/10697278.html

¹Å°åµÄ¸ºÔØƽºâ  £¬ÈôÊÇUpstream²ÎÊý±¬·¢×ª±ä  £¬Ã¿´Î¶¼ÐèÒªÖØмÓÔØnginx.confÎļþ,

Òò´ËÀ©Õ¹ÐÔ²»ÊǺܸß  £¬ÒÔÊÇÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ½ÓÄɶ¯Ì¬¸ºÔØƽºâ  £¬ÊµÏÖUpstream¿ÉÉèÖû¯¡¢¶¯Ì¬»¯  £¬ÎÞÐèÈ˹¤ÖØмÓÔØnginx.conf¡£

LVS+Keepalived+Nginx+Tomcat´î½¨¸ß¿ÉÓÃË«»úÖ÷´ÓÈȱ¸¼¯Èº

https://blog.csdn.net/dsen726/article/details/89519013

ÐèÒªÃ÷È·µÄÊÇ£º

NginxÁ½Ì¨ÊÇÖ÷±¸¹Øϵ  £¬Ö»ÓÐһ̨ÔÚÊÂÇé¡£ºóÃæµÄtomcatÊǼ¯Èº  £¬Í¬Ê±ÊÆÇéµÄ¡£

keepalivedÊÇͬʱװÖÃÔÚÁ½Ì¨NginxÉϵÄ  £¬²»¹ýÎļþÉèÖ÷×ÆçÑù

ÕâÀïµÄË«»úÈȱ¸ÊÇÖ¸LVS  £¬NginxÔòÊǼ¯Èº

keepalived

¿µ½¡¼ì²éºÍʧ°ÜÇл»ÊÇkeepalivedµÄÁ½´ó½¹µã¹¦Ð§¡£ËùνµÄ¿µ½¡¼ì²é  £¬¾ÍÊǽÓÄÉtcpÈý´ÎÎÕÊÖ  £¬icmpÇëÇó  £¬httpÇëÇó  £¬udp echoÇëÇóµÈ·½·¨¶Ô¸ºÔØƽºâÆ÷ºóÃæµÄÏÖʵµÄЧÀÍÆ÷(ͨ³£ÊdzÐÔØÕæʵӪҵµÄЧÀÍÆ÷)¾ÙÐб£»î£»¶øʧ°ÜÇл»Ö÷ÒªÊÇÓ¦ÓÃÓÚÉèÖÃÁËÖ÷±¸Ä£Ê½µÄ¸ºÔØƽºâÆ÷  £¬Ê¹ÓÃVRRPά³ÖÖ÷±¸¸ºÔØƽºâÆ÷µÄÐÄÌø  £¬µ±Ö÷¸ºÔØƽºâÆ÷·ºÆðÎÊÌâʱ  £¬Óɱ¸¸ºÔØƽºâÆ÷³ÐÔضÔÓ¦µÄÓªÒµ  £¬´Ó¶øÔÚ×î´óÏÞ¶ÈÉÏïÔÌ­Á÷Á¿Ëðʧ  £¬²¢ÌṩЧÀ͵ÄÎȹÌÐÔ¡£ÁíÍâ  £¬ËÑË÷ÃñÖÚºÅLinux¾Í¸ÃÕâÑùѧºǫ́»Ø¸´¡°ºï×Ó¡±  £¬»ñÈ¡Ò»·Ý¾ªÏ²Àñ°ü¡£

LVSÊÇLinux Virtual ServerµÄ¼òд  £¬Òâ¼´LinuxÐéÄâЧÀÍÆ÷  £¬ÊÇÒ»¸öÐéÄâµÄЧÀÍÆ÷¼¯ÈºÏµÍ³¡£lvsÏÖÔÚÊǼ¯³ÉÔÚLinuxÄڵġ£

Ò»ÕÅСͼ¿´¾¡ Nginx

ΪʲôҪLVS+Nginx£¿

Ò»¡¢ngix£¨Ó¦Óòã ÍøÂçÆ߲㸺ÔØƽºâ£©

1¡¢Ò첽ת·¢  £¬ÇëÇóÊý¾ÝºÍÏìÓ¦Êý¾Ý¶¼Òª¾­ÓÉngix  £¬ngixºÍ¿Í»§¶Ë½¨ÉèÅþÁ¬

2¡¢ÂÖѯËùÓеÄtomcatЧÀÍÆ÷  £¬°ü¹ÜÇëÇóÀֳɻòÕß×îºóһ̨tomcatЧÀÍÆ÷Ò²ÇëÇóʧ°Ü

¶þ¡¢lvs(ÍøÂç²ã ÍøÂçËIJ㸺ÔØƽºâ)

1¡¢Í¬²½×ª·¢½ÓÊÜÇëÇóÊý¾Ý  £¬lvsת·¢µ½Ð§ÀÍÆ÷  £¬Ð§ÀÍÆ÷Ö±½ÓºÍ¿Í»§¶Ë½¨ÉèÅþÁ¬

nginxÒªÔâÊÜËùÓеÄÁ÷Á¿  £¬µ±Ò»Ì¨nigxÔâÊܲ»ÁË  £¬¾ÍÐèÒª´î½¨ngix¼¯Èº¡£ngix+ngix Íâ²ãµÄngixÕÕ¾ÉÒªÔâÊÜËùÓÐÁ÷Á¿¡£

lvs+ngix:lvsͬ²½×ª·¢²»»á½ÓÊÜÏìÓ¦Êý¾Ý  £¬LVS½ÓÄÉDRģʽʱ²»±ØÏìӦЧÀÍÆ÷·µ»ØµÄÄÚÈÝ¡££¨Í¨³£ÇëÇóÊý¾ÝÊǽÏÁ¿Ð¡µÄ  £¬ÏìÓ¦Êý¾Ý»á½ÏÁ¿´ó£©

Ò»ÕÅСͼ¿´¾¡ Nginx

¾²Ì¬×ÊÔ´ÉèÖÃ

  location ~ .*.(jpg|gif|png)$ {
        gzip on;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types text/plain application/javascript image/jpeg image/gif image/png;
        root   /usr/share/nginx/images;
    }

    location ~ .*.(txt|xml)$ {
        gzip on;
        gzip_http_version 1.1;
        gzip_comp_level 1;
        gzip_types text/plain application/javascript image/jpeg image/gif image/png;
        root   /usr/share/nginx/code;
    }
  location ~ ^/download {
        gzip_static on;
        tcp_nopush on;
        root /opt/app/code;
    }

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sendfile on | off  £¬Îļþ¶ÁÈ¡ÉèÖÃ

ĬÈÏsendfileÊǹرյÄ  £¬¿ÉÒÔÉèÖÃÔÚhttp,server,location,if in locationÖÐ

tcp_nopush on | off,¶à¸ö°üÕûºÏ

ĬÈÏÊǹرÕ״̬  £¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚhttp,server,locationÖÐÉèÖà  £¬ËüµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇÔÚsendfile¿ªÆôµÄÇéÐÎÏ  £¬Ìá¸ßÍøÂç°üµÄ´«ÊäЧÂÊ¡£Ê²Ã´Òâ˼ÄØ  £¬¼ÙÉèЧÀͶËÊÕµ½ÇëÇó  £¬ÐèÒªÍÆËÍ10¸ö°ü  £¬ÎªÁËÌá¸ß´«ÊäЧÂÊ  £¬Õâ10¸ö°ü²»»áÒ»¸öÒ»¸ö·µ»Ø¸ø¿Í»§¶Ë  £¬¶øÊǽ«10¸ö°üÔܹ»Á˺óÒ»Æ𷵻ػØÈ¥¡£

tcp_nodelay on | off,ÍøÂç°üµÄʵʱÐÔ´«Êä

ĬÈÏ¿ªÆô  £¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚhttp,server,locationÖÐÉèÖà  £¬ËüµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇÔÚkeepaliveÁ´½ÓÏ  £¬Ìá¸ßÍøÂç°üµÄ´«ÊäʵʱÐÔ¡£

gzip on | off  £¬Ñ¹Ëõ

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       }
    }
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      listen       80;
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       }
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add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' *; 
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if ($invalid_referer) { return 404; }

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